Saberes Académicos

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Browsing Saberes Académicos by Author "Carroza, Nelson"

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    Discursos de diversidad económica en el centro-sur de Chile: Definiciones en disputa en torno a la economía social, solidaria y autogestionaria.
    (IDICSO, 2019) Cid, Beatriz; Saravia, Pablo; Letelier, Eduardo; Sandoval, Daniel; Vanhulst, Julien; Carroza, Nelson
    En el marco del proyecto de investigación Cartografías de Economías Heterogéneas (Fondecyt N.° 1.160.186), se desarrolló un análisis de los discursos sobre lo alternativo en las economías del centro-sur de Chile. Utilizando una muestra intencional, se aplicaron 45 entrevistas semiestructuradas a informantes claves (sector público, universidades, cooperativas y organizaciones de la sociedad civil). Mediante un análisis de contenido, se identificaron ejes temáticos que permitieron, por un lado, caracterizar las iniciativas, experiencias o emprendimientos y, por otro lado, reconocer las narrativas que los informantes claves sostenían sobre las economías alternativas. Los resultados permiten comprender y reconocer la diversidad de discursos y prácticas sobre las economías alternativas. Estos se pueden ordenar a partir de dos ejes: (1) la tensión entre subjetividades molares y moleculares; y (2) la tensión entre reforma y transformación, que se refiere a un tipo de cambio institucional y sociomaterial transformador. Estas categorías proponen un marco interpretativo que integra una pluralidad de distinciones o polaridades. Lo anterior permite avanzar en la comprensión del marco epistémico y discursivo diverso sobre lo económico que tienen los actores de la economía social, el cual problematiza la homogeneidad del discurso económico formal. El documento también muestra los desafíos políticos que plantea esta diversidad.
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    Mapping social economy discourses in Chile.
    (International Journal of Social Economics, 2019) Cid, Beatriz; Letelier Araya, Eduardo Antonio; Saravia, Pablo; Vanhulst, Julien; Carroza, Nelson; Sandoval, Daniel
    Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the social economy discourses in four regions of Chile, characterized by their internal economic heterogeneity. Design/methodology/approach – Using an intentional sample, semi-structured interviews were applied to 45 key informants from the public sector, universities, consultant enterprises, cooperatives and civil society organizations. Through a content analysis, thematic axes were identified that allowed to characterize and to recognize the narratives that key informants held about their initiatives, experiences or ventures. Findings – The results allow us to understand the diversity of discourses and practices about alternative economies, being able to organize them from two axes: the tension between molar and molecular subjectivities; and the tension between reform and transformation (which refers to a transformative type of institutional and socio-material change). These axes propose an interpretative framework that integrates a diversity of distinctions and/or polarities and problematizes the homogeneity of formal economic discourse. Research limitations/implications – The discourses analyzed by this paper offers representativeness by saturation. It do not allow to ponder for sure the relative presence of each of these discourses in the field of economic diversity. The analysis of what type of actors sustain each type of discourse remains pending. Social implications – The high discourse heterogeneity makes it possible to foresee major difficulties in terms of political articulation and the visibility of various alternative economic experiences, initiatives or ventures as part of a social transformation movement. Originality/value – Previous studies developed in Latin America about social and solidarity economy have been focused in objective dimensions as the volume of incomes, expenditures or jobs. This is the first study aimed at characterizing the subjective field of discourse held by different actors who recognize themselves as part of an alternative economy movement.